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Objective:To assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome(MS) and its relationship with hyperuricemia(HUA) in perimenopausal women in Anning city, Yunnan province.Methods:This is a cross-sectional survey. In May 2021, a multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to collect demographics and clinical data [ethnicity, living community, height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides(TG), serum uric acid, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C), alanine transaminase(ALT), etc] in a total of 6 721 perimenopausal women aged 45-60 years.Results:A total of 6 721 perimenopausal women were included in this study. The prevalences of MS and HUA were 14.05%(95% CI 13.22%-14.88%) and 6.46%(95% CI 5.88%-7.07%), respectively. The average age, HDL-C, urea, direct bilirubin, and albumin levels in the perimenstrual HUA population were lower than those in the non-HUA population while the levels of TG, ALT, heart rate, body mass index(BMI), and creatinine were higher(all P<0.05). The prevalence of HUA in perimenopausal women with ethnic minorities and family history of chronic diseases was higher than that in Han nationality and without family history of chronic diseases. The prevalence of MS in perimenopausal women was increased with the increase of serum uric acid( Z=-15.313 8, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression model showed that HUA was positively correlated with MS( OR=1.526, 95% CI 1.192-1.954) after adjusting for covariates such as BMI and ethnicity, and the incidence of MS in perimenopausal women in HUA group was 1.526 folds higher than that in non-hyperuricemia group. Conclusion:HUA is highly positively correlated with MS in perimenopausal women. The management of uric acid level in perimenopausal women should be strengthened.
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Objective: To investigate the effects of high risk factors questionnaire (HRFQ), Asia-Pacific colorectal screening (APCS) score and their combinations with fecal immunochemical test (FIT) in screening advanced colorectal neoplasia, in order to provide an evidence for further optimization of cancer screening program. Methods: A retrospective cohort study method was used to summarize and analyze the results of colorectal tumor screening in Jiashan County, Zhejiang Province from March 2017 to July 2018. Those with severe diseases that were not suitable for colonoscopy and those with mental and behavioral abnormalities who can not cooperate with the screening were excluded. Those who met any one or more of the followings in the HRFQ questionnaire were classified as high-risk people of HRFQ: (1) first-degree relatives with a history of colorectal cancer; (2) subjects with a history of cancer or any other malignant tumor; (3) subjects with a history of intestinal polyps; (4) those with two or more of the followings: chronic constipation (constipation lasted for more than 2 months per year in the past two years), chronic diarrhea (diarrhea lasted for more than 3 months in the past two years, and the duration of each episode was more than one week), mucus and bloody stools, history of adverse life events (occurring within the past 20 years and causing greater trauma or distress to the subject after the event), history of chronic appendicitis or appendectomy, history of chronic biliary disease or cholecystectomy. In this study, those who were assessed as high risk by HRFQ were recorded as "HRFQ (+)", and those who were not at high risk were recorded as "HRFQ (-)". The APCS questionnaire provided risk scores based on 4 risk factors including age, gender, family history and smoking: (1) age: 2 points for 50-69 years old, 3 points for 70 years old and above; (2) gender: 1 point for male, 0 point for women; (3) family history: 2 points for first-degree relatives suffering from colorectal cancer; (4) smoking: 1 point for current or past smoking, 0 point for non-smokers. The population was divided into low-risk (0-1 point), intermediate-risk (2-3 points), and high-risk (4-7 points). Those who were assessed as high risk by APCS were recorded as "APCS (+)", and those with intermediate and low risk were recorded as "APCS (-)". The hemoglobin threshold for a positive FIT was set to 100 μg/L. Those who were assessed as high risk by APCS with positive FIT were recorded as "APCS+FIT (+)". Those who were assessed as high risk by APCS with negative FIT, those who were assessed by APCS as low-middle risk with positive FIT, and those who were assessed by APCS as low-middle with negative FIT were all recorded as "APCS+FIT(-)". Observation indicators in this study were as follows: (1) the screening compliance rate of the cohort and the detection of advanced colorectal tumors; (2) positive predictive value, negative predictive value, sensitivity and specificity of HRFQ and APCS and their combination with FIT for screening advanced colorectal tumors; (3) comparison of the detection rate between HRFQ and APCS questionnaire for different colorectal lesions. Using SPSS 21.0 software, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the clinical value of HRFQ and APCS combined with FIT in screening advanced colorectal tumors. Results: From 2017 to 2018 in Jiashan County, a total of 53 268 target subjects were screened, and 42 093 people actually completed the questionnaire, with a compliance rate of 79.02%. A total of 8145 cases underwent colonoscopy. A total of 3607 cases among HRFQ positive population (5320 cases) underwent colonoscopy, and the colonoscopy compliance rate was 67. 80%; 8 cases were diagnosed with colorectal cancer and 88 cases were advanced colorectal adenoma. A total of 2977 cases among APCS positive population (11 942 cases) underwent colonoscopy, and the colonoscopy compliance rate was 24.93%; 17 cases were diagnosed with colorectal cancer and 148 cases were advanced colorectal adenoma. The positive rate of HRFQ screening was lower than that of APCS [12.6% (5320/42 093) vs. 28.4% (11 942/42 093), χ2=3195. 547, P<0.001]. In the FIT positive population (6223 cases), a total of 4894 cases underwent colonoscopy, and the colonoscopy compliance rate was 78.64%; 34 cases were diagnosed with colorectal cancer and 224 cases were advanced adenoma. The positive predictive values of HRFQ and APCS and their combination with FIT for screening advanced colorectal tumors were 2.67%, 5.54%, 5.44%, and 8.56%; negative predictive values were 94.89%, 96.85%, 96.11% and 96.99%; sensitivity was 29.27%, 50.30%, 12.20 % and 39.02%; specificity was 55.09%, 64.03%, 91.11% and 82.51%, respectively. The ROC curves constructed by HRFQ, APCS, FIT, HRFQ+FIT and APCS+FIT indicated that APCS+FIT presented the highest efficacy in screening advanced colorectal tumors (AUC: 0.608, 95%CI: 0.574-0.642). The comparison of the detection rates of different colorectal lesions between HRFQ and APCS questionnaires showed that there were no significant differences in detection rate of inflammatory polyps and hyperplastic polyps between the two questionnaires (both P>0.05). However, as compared to HRFQ questionnaire, APCS questionnaire had higher detection rates in non-advanced adenomas [26.10% (777/2977) vs. 19.43% (701/3607), χ2=51.228, P<0.001], advanced adenoma [4.97% (148/2977) vs. 2.44% (88/3607), χ2=30.249, P<0.001] and colorectal cancer [0.57% (17 /2977) vs. 0.22% (8/3607), χ2=5.259, P=0.022]. Conclusions: APCS has a higher detection rate of advanced colorectal tumors than HRFQ. APCS combined with FIT can further improve the effectiveness of advanced colorectal tumor screening.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adenoma/diagnosis , Asia , Colonoscopy , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Constipation , Diarrhea , Early Detection of Cancer/methods , Feces , Mass Screening/methods , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the experience of home dietary changes in postoperative patients with gastric cancer.Methods:From December 2019 to February 2020, purpose sampling method was used to select 13 postoperative gastric cancer patients from the Oncology Department of Taixing People's Hospital in Jiangsu Province to conduct semi-structured interviews. The Colaizzi seven-step analysis method was used to analyze the interview data and extract topics.Results:Three main themes were summarized: reconstruction of dietary habits, lack of pleasure in eating, and continuous dietary nursing needs.Conclusions:There are many dietary problems in postoperative patients with gastric cancer. Medical staff should pay attention to dietary changes of patients and take targeted intervention measures, in order to increase the positive experience of dietary.
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@#To investigate the clinical features and influencing factors for new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) early after coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods The clinical data of 339 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting in our hospital from January 2012 to January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 267 males and 72 females with an average age of 37-83 (58.03±8.90) years. The clinical features and influencing factors for new-onset AF after surgery were investigated. Results There were 234 patients of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG), with 36 (15.4%) new-onset AF patients after operation, among whom 16.1% were males and 12.5% were females. There were 105 patients of on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), with 39 (37.1%) new-onset AF patients, among whom 40.7% were males and 25.0% were females. The incidence was higher after the CABG surgery than that after the OPCABG surgery (37.1% vs. 15.4%, P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the incidence rate between males and females (P>0.05). The incidence of new-onset AF after surgery was higher in ≥60 years patients for both operations (18.9% and 45.8%), which was significantly higher than that in <45 years patients (P<0.05). For both operations, the incidence of new-onset AF after surgery was high on the second day (24-48 h) after surgery, and most of the AF lasted for 1 day (P<0.05). The hypertension (OR=4.983, P=0.036), frequent premature atrial contraction or atrial tachycardia (OR=17.682, P=0.002), postoperative creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CKMB) (OR=0.152, P=0.042), left anterior and posterior diameters (OR=17.614, P<0.001) and preoperative ejection fraction (OR=7.094, P=0.011) were influencing factors for new-onset AF after OPCABG. Diabetes (OR=11.631, P=0.020), other cardiac malformations (OR=29.023, P=0.002), frequent premature ventricular contraction or ventricular tachycardia (OR=0.047, P=0.001), and postoperative CKMB (OR=3.672, P=0.040) were influencing factors for new-onset AF after CABG. Conclusion The incidence of new-onset AF after CABG is higher than that after OPCABG, and it increases with age increasing. There is no difference in the incidence between males and females. The influencing factors for the two operations are different.
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Objective:To investigate the effects of micro course in teaching of thoracic surgery.Methods:According to the teaching content of thoracic surgery and the previous teaching experience of the Department of Thoracic Surgery, the micro learning resource base with characteristics was established. We enrolled 20 students of Grade 2014 as the experimental group and 20 students of Grade 2013 as the control group. The micro learning resource base was used for teaching in the experimental group, and the traditional course teaching was carried out in the control group (the teachers were not changed). The teaching effect was evaluated through questionnaires and examinations.Results:The micro learning resource base of thoracic surgery consisted of 11 modules. The learning interest, effect and acceptance in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in understanding ability ( P>0.05). Moreover, the experimental group revealed much higher scores in the basic knowledge [(85.3±10.6) vs. (72.5±9.6)] and clinical ability [(87.3±11.5) vs. (75.9±12.2)] than the control group (both P<0.05). Conclusion:It is worth popularizing to establish a micro learning resource base and teaching application model suitable for thoracic surgery, which can help improve students' interest in learning and achieve better learning results through students' targeted and active learning.
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Objective:To analyze clinical outcomes of myocardial incision and tearing for the treatment of myocardial bridge.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conduct to review the clinical date of 29 patients who underwent surgical myotomy from January 2014 to January 2018 in the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University. A total of 11 patients(incision group) were experienced traditional myotomy on myocardial bridge that the myocardium was longitudinally incised along the direction of the coronary artery, while 18 patients(tearing group) were treated by myocardial incision combined with tearing that longitudinally incised myocardium and deeply tissue tearing. The operation time of surgical myotomy, the amount of bleeding, the number of branches of vascular injury and the number of ventricular ruptures during operation were compared between the two groups. After followed up half a year to one year, the clinical symptoms of angina pectoris, myocardial ischemia by electrocardiogram suggested, and coronary stenosis by coronary CT suggested were collected.Results:The operation time of surgical myotomy, the amount of bleeding patients and the number of branches of vascular injury during operation in the incision group were higher than those in the tearing group( P<0.05). There was no significant difference for the number of ventricular ruptures during operation( P>0.05). After followed up half a year to one year, there was no significant difference in the clinical symptoms of angina pectoris, myocardial ischemia by electrocardiogram suggested, and coronary stenosis by coronary CT suggested( P>0.05). Conclusion:Myocardial incision combined with tearing is a surgical procedure with short operation time and low bleeding risk, which is more beneficial than the traditional longitudinally incised for the myocardial bridge.
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OBJECTIVE: To analyze the quality of life(QOL) of peasant workers with pneumoconiosis and its main influencing factors. METHODS: A typical sampling method was used to select 83 peasant workers with pneumoconiosis in two villages in Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province as the pneumoconiosis group, and 85 non-pneumoconiosis peasant workers in the same village selected as the control group. The QOL of the two groups was investigated using the Quality of Life Measurement Scale. RESULTS: The average annual family income of pneumoconiosis group was much lower and average annual expenditure of the family for disease treatment increased in 2015(P<0.01) compared with the control group. The total score of QOL and its average scores in the physical, psychological, environmental and social fields of pneumoconiosis group were lower than that of the control group(P<0.01). The multiple stepwise regression analysis results showed significant factors related to all functional domain scores of QOL in the pneumoconiosis group. For the total score of QOL, complication and ability to do housework were the significant factors. In the physical domain of QOL, only doing housework was the significant factor. In the psychological domain of QOL, complications and average annual family income were the significant factors. Marital status, doing housework and educational level were the significant factors for the social domain of QOL. The significant factors for the environmental domain of QOL were average annual family income and doing housework. CONCLUSION: The QOL of migrant workers with pneumoconiosis was poor. Complications, divorcement or widowhood reduced the quality of their lives. Higher education degree, higher average annual family income and higher ability to do housework played a positive role in promoting the QOL of peasant workers with pneumoconiosis.
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Objective To investigate the epidemic factors of schistosomiasis in wetlands in Sichuan Province, so as to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of schistosomiasis in wetlands. Methods The artificial and natural wetlands were selected from Sichuan Province, and the relevant data regarding wetlands were collected. Routine snail survey, investigation on human morbidity due to schistosomiasis, snail diffusion experiments, questionnaire survey, determination of water infectivity and retrospective survey were conducted. Results In Sichuan Province, the mean densities of living snails were 0.003 snails/0.1 m2 and 2.033 snails/0.1 m2 in the upper and lower reaches of the Meiwan Reservoir wetlands, 0.08 snails/0.1 m2 in the Jinyan Lake of Guanghan City, 0.21 snails/0.1 m2 in Muhe River of Guanghan City, and 0.02 snails/0.1 m2 prior to the construction of Qiong-hai wetland park in Xichang City in 2015. Artificial simulation experiments showed that the largest distance of snail diffusion in water was 2 000 m. There were 8.80% (41/466) of subjects that lived neighboring wetlands, worked in wetlands and visited wet-lands having infested water contact behaviors. A total of 690 sentinel mice were assigned, and no Schistosoma japonicum infection was detected in the 677 mice dissected. Retrospective survey showed that the construction of the Meiwan Reservoir caused the spread of schistosomiasis in Dailing County, and snails were found in the ditches entering the Jinyan Lake and in Jinyan Lake areas 5 years following the construction of the Jinyan Lake in Guanghan City, with S. japonicum -infected snails detected in the ditches entering the Jinyan Lake. Conclusions O. hupensis snails are found in some wetlands in Sichuan Province. Protection of wetlands and snail control with environmental improvements are recommended for the prevention of snail importation in natural wetlands, while in artificial wetlands, thorough snail control is recommended during the construction of the wetlands because of the likelihood of snail importation via water systems. In addition, both natural and artificial wetlands require long-term systematic surveillance of schistosomiasis.
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Objective To understand the current distribution of Oncomelania snails in Sichuan Province, so as to provide scientific evidence for formulating the schistosomiasis elimination strategy and implementing the precision schistosomiasis control measures in the province. Methods According to the National Scheme on Oncomelania hupensis Snails in China and the Scheme on Oncomelania hupensis Snails in Sichuan Province, snail surveys were performed in current snail habitats, historical snail habitats and suspected snail habitats using systematic sampling in Sichuan Province from 2016 to 2017, and the survey results were analyzed. Results From 2016 to 2017, a total of 88 346 settings were surveyed in schistosomiasis-endemic areas of Sichuan Province, and 19 314 settings were detected with snails, covering an area of 4 829.25 hm2, with no Schistosoma japonicum infection identified in snails. A total of 3 017 915 frames were investigated in Sichuan Province, and 1 041 417 frames were found to have living snails, with totally 1 791 115 living snails captured. The mean density of living snails was 0.59 snails/0.1 m2, and the mean percentage of frames with living snails was 34.51% in Sichuan Province. The current snail habitats were mainly distributed in 1 704 villages, 377 townships, 54 counties (districts) of 9 cities (prefectures) across the schistosomiasis-endemic areas of Sichuan Province. Snail habitats were mainly found in ditches (70.22%), and weeds were the predominant vegetation in snail habitats (66.45%). Snails were firstly discovered in Sichuan Province in 1913, and S. japonicum-infected snails were firstly identified in 1956, with the latest identification of S. japonicum-infected snails in 2008. Conclusion There are many settings suitable for snail breeding in Sichuan Province, and snail monitoring and control should be intensified in the future.
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Objective To investigate the epidemic factors of schistosomiasis in wetlands in Sichuan Province, so as to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of schistosomiasis in wetlands. Methods The artificial and natural wetlands were selected from Sichuan Province, and the relevant data regarding wetlands were collected. Routine snail survey, investigation on human morbidity due to schistosomiasis, snail diffusion experiments, questionnaire survey, determination of water infectivity and retrospective survey were conducted. Results In Sichuan Province, the mean densities of living snails were 0.003 snails/0.1 m2 and 2.033 snails/0.1 m2 in the upper and lower reaches of the Meiwan Reservoir wetlands, 0.08 snails/0.1 m2 in the Jinyan Lake of Guanghan City, 0.21 snails/0.1 m2 in Muhe River of Guanghan City, and 0.02 snails/0.1 m2 prior to the construction of Qiong-hai wetland park in Xichang City in 2015. Artificial simulation experiments showed that the largest distance of snail diffusion in water was 2 000 m. There were 8.80% (41/466) of subjects that lived neighboring wetlands, worked in wetlands and visited wet-lands having infested water contact behaviors. A total of 690 sentinel mice were assigned, and no Schistosoma japonicum infection was detected in the 677 mice dissected. Retrospective survey showed that the construction of the Meiwan Reservoir caused the spread of schistosomiasis in Dailing County, and snails were found in the ditches entering the Jinyan Lake and in Jinyan Lake areas 5 years following the construction of the Jinyan Lake in Guanghan City, with S. japonicum -infected snails detected in the ditches entering the Jinyan Lake. Conclusions O. hupensis snails are found in some wetlands in Sichuan Province. Protection of wetlands and snail control with environmental improvements are recommended for the prevention of snail importation in natural wetlands, while in artificial wetlands, thorough snail control is recommended during the construction of the wetlands because of the likelihood of snail importation via water systems. In addition, both natural and artificial wetlands require long-term systematic surveillance of schistosomiasis.
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Objective To understand the current distribution of Oncomelania snails in Sichuan Province, so as to provide scientific evidence for formulating the schistosomiasis elimination strategy and implementing the precision schistosomiasis control measures in the province. Methods According to the National Scheme on Oncomelania hupensis Snails in China and the Scheme on Oncomelania hupensis Snails in Sichuan Province, snail surveys were performed in current snail habitats, historical snail habitats and suspected snail habitats using systematic sampling in Sichuan Province from 2016 to 2017, and the survey results were analyzed. Results From 2016 to 2017, a total of 88 346 settings were surveyed in schistosomiasis-endemic areas of Sichuan Province, and 19 314 settings were detected with snails, covering an area of 4 829.25 hm2, with no Schistosoma japonicum infection identified in snails. A total of 3 017 915 frames were investigated in Sichuan Province, and 1 041 417 frames were found to have living snails, with totally 1 791 115 living snails captured. The mean density of living snails was 0.59 snails/0.1 m2, and the mean percentage of frames with living snails was 34.51% in Sichuan Province. The current snail habitats were mainly distributed in 1 704 villages, 377 townships, 54 counties (districts) of 9 cities (prefectures) across the schistosomiasis-endemic areas of Sichuan Province. Snail habitats were mainly found in ditches (70.22%), and weeds were the predominant vegetation in snail habitats (66.45%). Snails were firstly discovered in Sichuan Province in 1913, and S. japonicum-infected snails were firstly identified in 1956, with the latest identification of S. japonicum-infected snails in 2008. Conclusion There are many settings suitable for snail breeding in Sichuan Province, and snail monitoring and control should be intensified in the future.
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Objective To assess the income status of primary care providers and to explore the determinants of income in a county of Dali. Methods In August 2016, the questionnaire was employed to collect the data of income status of 191 rural health workers and 217 village doctors in the county. Results Through the study, we found that the income of rural health workers in the county was 34, 000 (26, 000, 46,000) yuan with a satisfaction rate of 62.3% (95% CI 55.4%～69.2%) and no change (74.7%) was seen in the income among majorities after implementing the Zero Mark-up Policy for essential medicines. For the village doctors, the income was 20,000 (15,000, 24,000) yuan with a satisfaction rate of 40.6% (95% CI 34.0%～47.1%) and a fall of the income was found in more than half of the doctors after the implement of the policy. Conclusion Health care workers in towns are quite satisfied with their income whereas those in health stations of villages are not content, compared with the average income at the national level. We should increase government's investments on grass-root healthcare team, improve the incentive pay plans and promote the integrated management of health facilities in towns and villages.
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Objective To determine the awareness, treatment and control of hypertension and its determinants in the elderly hypertensive patients of Dean nationality so as to explore the associated determinants. Methods This was a cross-sectional, population-based survey. A total of 939 persons aged 60 years and older sampled by stratified sampling method from the elderly population of Dean nationality were examined from July to September 2016. Meanwhile, the data of medical history and examination were collected. Results There were 353 elderly patients with hypertension in the 939 subjects. The awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in the elderly hypertensive patients (EHP), which was 47.3％, 36.5％and 22.1％respectively, were higher than the results of previous national study and had the upward trends with the increasing age (<0.05) . In comparison with the reference group, EHP living in middle economic level area had the higher awareness, treatment and control of hypertension (<0.05) . The results of covariate-adjusted multilevel logistic regression model indicated that there was a cross-level interaction effect between middle economic level area and dyslipidemia on the awareness and treatment of hypertension respectively, and a cross-level interaction effect between middle economic level area and low fat diet on the control of hypertension ( <0.05) . The individual level covariates, age (OR=1.3412, 1.3144, 95％ CI 1.0217-1.7609, 1.0030-1.7225) and diabetes ( OR=2.6735, 2.3078, 95％ CI 1.0721-6.6672, 1.0240-5.2007), had the positive association with the awareness and treatment of hypertension;age (OR=1.4740, 95％CI 1.0034-2.1654), non-drinking (OR=3.2056, 95％CI 1.5554-6.6066) and low salt diet (OR=3.6969, 95％CI 1.7996-7.5946) had the positive association with the control of hypertension. Conclusion The awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in the EHP of Dean nationality were higher than those of the national level, and the dominant factors were economic level, age, dyslipidemia, diabetes, non-drinking, low fat diet and low salt diet, etc.
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Objective To study the influencing factors of primary hypertension by investigating its prevalence in elderly patients of Deang nationality.Methods Nine hundred and thirty-nine elderly patients of Deang nationality were divided into hypertension group (n =353),prehypertension group (n=377) and control group (n=209).Their physical examination data were recorded and their blood pressure was measured.Results The detection rate of hypertension was significantly lower in elderly patients of Deang nationality than in those of the other nationalities in our country with their age ≥60 years (37.6％ vs 49.0％,P＜0.05).The detection rate of hypertension,isolated systolic hypertension and prehypertension increased with the increasing age (P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a cross interaction between economic level and alcohol drinking (P＜0.05) and a positive correlation of BMI,age,gender,divorce or widow,smonking,high salt diet with hypertension (P＜0.05).Conclusion The detection rate of hypertension is lower in elderly patients of Deang nationality than in those of the other nationalities in our country.Economic level,alcohol drinking,BMI,age,gender,divorce or widow,smoking,high salt and fat diet are the major risk factors for hypertension.However,regular eating of vegetables can reduce the risk of hypertension.
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Oective: To discuss the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) exposure on the function and morphology of liver, kidney and spleen of the SD rats, and to clarify the mechanism of radiation damage of ELF-EMF. Methods: Twenty male SD rats were randomly divided into exposure group and control group (n=10). The rats in exposure group were exposed in an ELF-EMF device with a magnetic induction of 0. IT and a frequency of 50 Hz; the exposure was conducted for 8 h per day for 30 d. The rats in control group didn' t receive any treatment. After exposure for 30 d, the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), urea nitrogen (UN), creatinine (Cr) of the rats in two groups were detected. HE staining was used to detect the morphology of the liver, kidney, spleen tissues of the rats in two groups. Results: Compared with control group, the serum levels of ALT, AST, UN, and Cr of the rats in exposure group were increased (P<0. 05). In exposure group, the dilatation and congestion were found in the central veios of liver and hepatic sinusoids, glomeruli and interstitial capillaries of kidney, and insinusoids of spleen of the rats; part of the hepatocytes showed necrosis. There was no abnormality morphology in the liver, kidney, and spleen tissues of the rats in control group. Conclusion: Exposure to ELF-EMF (0.1 T, 50 Hz) can affect the function and structures of liver, kidney and spleen tissues of the SD rats, and its mechanism may be related to oxidative stress induced by ELF-EMF.
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@#This research aimed to investigate the apoptotic effect of rhein on human primary liver cells(L-02)and the underlying mechanisms. MTT assay was used to detect the inhibitory activity of rhein on L-02 cells. Rhein-induced apoptosis in L-02 cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. Intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)was detected by DCFH-DA fluorescent probe. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-related gene and protein expression were detected by real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)and Western blot. The effect of antioxidant N-acetylcysteine(NAC)on these proteins, cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 4(caspase-4)and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3(caspase-3)activity was explored. The results showed that rhein inhibited the viability of L-02 cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manners. The apoptosis rate of L-02 cells in rhein-treated groups was increased significantly. Rhein induced generation of ROS which was blocked by NAC. The expressions of GRP 78, ATF-4, CHOP mRNA and the expressions of GRP 78, p-JNK, CHOP proteins were significantly increased in rhein-treated groups. However, NAC could not attenuate the expressions of GRP 78, p-JNK, CHOP proteins, caspase-4, caspase-3 activity induced by rhein significantly. In conclusion, rhein induces apoptosis in L-02 cells via a reactive oxygen species-independent endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of breast blood oxygen functional imaging combined with mammography on breast cancer screening in women aged over 40 years.Methods A total of 10 076 cases of women in our hospital underwent breast blood oxygen functional imaging and mammography X -ray examination.The breast imaging report and data system (BI -RADS)III level of women performed on the biopsy pathology were used as the gold standard.The effect of different inspection methods were compared and analyzed.Results Among 10 076 cases,235 cases were diagnosed as BI -RADS,which was diagnosed by blood oxygen functional imaging system and a molybdenum target X -ray diagnosis of III.Thirteen cases with early breast cancer were diagnosed by needle biopsy.And 222 cases were diagnosed benign lesions.The sensitivity of the blood oxygen functional imaging system was 69.23% (9 /13)and 85.58% (190 /222), respectively.The sensitivity of molybdenum target X -ray was 76.92% (10 /13),and the specificity was 82.88% (184 /222).The sensitivity of combined detection was 100.0% (13 /13)and the specificity was 82.88% (184 /222).The accuracy index of combined molybdenum target X -ray (0.829)was significantly higher than that of single detection (0.548 and 0.598)(U =2.117,2.501,P <0.05).Conclusion Breast blood oxygen functional imaging instrument combined with molybdenum target examination could effectively improve the accuracy of diagnosis in breast cancer screening among women over 40 years.
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Objective To study the clinical efficacy of full thoracoscopic lobectomy and thoracotomy in treat-ment of non -small cell lung cancer.Methods 200 patients with non -small cell lung cancer were divided into group A and group B according to the different surgical methods,with 100 cases in each group.Group A was given the full treatment thoracoscopic lobectomy,group B was received treatment thoracotomy.Pain situation were evaluated in visual analog scale(VAS)method,clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared.Results The intraoperative blood loss,operative time,drainage,VAS scores and hospital stay of group A were (253.4 ± 1.9)mL,(181.3 ±9.3)min,(174.6 ±4.2)mL,(4.2 ±1.4)points and (7.2 ±0.6)d respectively,which were significantly better than (409.3 ±2.4)mL,(232.2 ±3.2)min,(312.9 ±2.5)mL,(6.3 ±0.9)points and (13.5 ± 0.6)d of group B,the differences were statistically significant(t =8.928,9.028,8.232,9.701,10.906,all P 0.05).The incidence of complications of group A were significantly lower than those of group B,the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =9.033,P =0.002). Conclusion Full thoracoscopic lobectomy in the treatment of non -small cell lung cancer has better effect compared with thoracotomy,its harm to patients is small,and has fewer postoperative complications.
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@#To investigate the effect and mechanism of cytotoxicity by rhein in human renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells, HgCl2 was choosen as positive control. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. LDH release assay was used to evaluate cell membrane damage. The activity of caspase-3, and -8 was measured by assay kit. Real-Time qPCR was employed to determine the mRNA expressions of Fas, FasL, FADD, caspase-3 and caspase-8. The protein expressions of Fas, FasL, cytoplasmic cytochrome C, caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9 were detected by Western blot. The results demonstrated that rhein inhibited cell viability and increased LDH release in a dose-dependent manner. The activity of caspase-3 and caspase-8 was significantly enhanced by rhein. The mRNA expression of Fas, FasL, FADD, caspase-3, caspase-8 was remarkably up-regulated by rhein. Rhein also elevated protein expressions of Fas, FasL, cytoplasmic cytochrome C, cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8 and reduced expressios of Pro caspase-8. There was no significant difference in caspase-9 expression. These results indicate that rhein has a cytotoxic effect and apoptosis-inducing effect in HK-2 cells. The Fas-dependent pathway is involved in rhein-induced apoptosis.
ABSTRACT
The aim of the study is to evaluate the effects of the single and mixed decoction of Thallus laminariae (kelp) and Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) on the metabolism and their difference. The mixed decoction of kelp and licorice and the single decoction were made and intragastrically administered to the SD rats. The effect on system metabolism, the toxicity of liver and kidney were assessed by GC-MS profiling of the endogenous molecules in serum, routine biochemical assays and histographic inspection of tissues from SD rats, separately. The mixed decoction of kelp and licorice induced more obvious pathological abnormalities in SD rats than a single decoction of kelp, while the extracts of licorice did not show any pathological change. Neither the mixed, nor the single decoction showed abnormal histopathology. After intragastric administration of extracts for 5 days, the mixed decoction induced a decrease of ALT (no significant change in the groups of single decoction) and an increase of BUN (so did the single decoction of kelp). Metabolomic profile of the molecules in serum revealed that the metabolic patterns were all obviously affected for the three groups, i.e., the mixed and single decoction of kelp and licorice. The rats given with the single decoction of kelp showed a similar pattern to that of the mixed decoction, indicating that the kelp primarily contributed the perturbation of metabolism for the mixed decoction. All three groups induced a decrease of branched chain amino acids, TCA cycle intermediates and glycolysis intermediates (e.g., pyruvic acid and lactic acid) and an increase of 3-hydroxybutyric acid. Kelp decoction showed stronger potential in reducing TCA cycle intermediates and glycolysis intermediates than the other two groups, while the levels of branched chain amino acids were the lowest after licorice extracts were given. These results suggested that the effect of the mixed decoction on metabolism was closely associated with both kelp and licorice. The continuous administration of single decoction of kelp and the mixed decoction of licorice and kelp resulted in pathological abnormalities in kidney of SD rats. The mixed decoction of kelp and licorice distinctly perturbed sera molecules and hence system metabolism, which showed associated with those of kelp and licorice. Although the metabolic effect was associated with both kelp and licorice, the results suggested kelp contributed to it primarily.